By using the conversion factor, an interferogram is created with sub-pixel precision. Because topographic and orbital fringes have not been removed, the interferogram at this stage is called a raw interferogram. The interference fringes appearing to be equally-spaced parallel lines are orbital fringes, which overlap with topographic fringes on the land surface. Because the interferogram of the sea and lakes is incoherent, it is like a image showing a roughly sanded surface.

Raw SAR interferogram